It was recently found that slight functionalization of the material can notably enhance this property 8. Unfortunately, studies on this topic revealed that pristine SWCNTs have a low photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), estimated at 1.0% in liquid 6 and about 0.1% in films 7. As a result, they can fluoresce 4 over a wide spectral range from visible to the near-infrared 5 attracting a considerable share of attention to these nanostructures. One of the areas which offers particular opportunities for semiconducting single-walled CNTs (s-SWCNTs) is the field of photonics owing to the presence of bandgap in these materials.

Since carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were popularized in the early 1990s, many research groups have provided evidence for their extraordinary electrical 1, thermal 2, and optical 3 nature. Such differentiation is conducted in organic solvents, so monochiral SWCNT can be directly functionalized using the demonstrated concept in the same medium without the need to redisperse the material in water. Importantly, it can also utilize SWCNTs sorted by chirality using conjugated polymers to enhance their light emission capabilities. The presented technique is quick and versatile as it can engage numerous reactants to tune the light emission capabilities of SWCNTs. The selection of an appropriate organic solvent enabled much more facile modification of SWCNTs.

A step change was achieved when the aqueous medium was abandoned. The proposed methodology combines the benefits of mainstream approaches to create luminescent defects in SWCNTs while it simultaneously avoids their limitations. Consequently, traps for mobile excitons have been created, which enhanced the optical properties of the material. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been modified with ester groups using typical organic radical chemistry.

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